You may require codeine if you are not able to take ibuprofen or acetaminophen. Research indicates that a minority of mothers convert more codeine to morphine in their bodies, putting their babies at higher risk of side effects, or even death.
Newborns are more sensitive to the effects of opiates than are older babies, children, or adults. Usually, your breastfed baby's central nervous system side effects will mirror your own. Tip : If you feel groggy or drowsy from the medication, or if your baby doesn't breastfeed well, doesn't wake up to be fed, does not gain weight, or is limp, take the baby to be checked out by your doctor.
Some circumstances can increase the risk to your baby. Your baby will process the morphine that is produced by the body from codeine much more slowly than you do, so repeatedly breastfeeding while you have codeine in your system can cause a build-up of morphine in the baby's system, increasing the risk.
As with other over-the-counter medications, some people metabolize codeine at different rates. When a mother is an "ultra-rapid metabolizer," they produce much more morphine when taking codeine than most people do. In this situation, newborns might be exposed to toxic levels of morphine when breastfeeding. This risk can be reduced by discontinuing codeine after two to three days of use and being aware of symptoms of potential opioid toxicity in both yourself and your baby.
Women who convert more codeine to morphine have a duplication of the gene encoding for cytochrome P 2D6. This genetic predisposition can be detected by a genetic test that is available on the market, although not usually in hospitals. Get it free when you sign up for our newsletter. Food and Drug Administration. Codeine information.
Updated January 10, National Library of Medicine. Updated February 15, The prevalence of URM of codeine varies among different racial groups. In the absence of genetic testing, it is not possible to identify URMs prior to prescribing codeine. Gargle some salt water.
If you have a cough, try a cough medicine that is based on glycerine and honey. Ask your pharmacist to recommend one that is safe for breastfeeding. A throat lozenge can help ease a dry sore throat.
For pain or fever, you may want to take paracetamol or ibuprofen not suitable if you have asthma. Follow the instructions on the packet and take it for the shortest amount of time possible. Important Avoid medications that contain decongestants. Contact your GP if: your throat is very sore and the pain is not relieved by paracetamol or ibuprofen you're having difficulty swallowing you have a persistent temperature above 38 degrees Celsius the symptoms have been ongoing for a week or more.
Information: Read more tips on sore throats. Antihistamines for allergies An antihistamine is a type of medicine used to treat allergy symptoms.
Dental work Talk to your dentist about medication if you are breastfeeding. Related topics Alcohol and breastfeeding Find a breastfeeding support group near you Ask our breastfeeding expert. Please accept functional cookies to use live chat Read our cookies policy to find out more about our cookies and how we use them. Home Drug Safety Update. Codeine: very rare risk of side-effects in breastfed babies. Therapeutic area: Obstetrics, gynaecology and fertility , Paediatrics and neonatology , Pain management and palliation.
Article date: November Codeine is a widely used analgesic for mild to moderate pain. Advice for healthcare professionals: All patients should be advised about the typical side-effects of opioids because most patients are not aware of their CYP2D6 status If any symptoms of opioid toxicity develop in the mother or baby eg, nausea, vomiting, lack of appetite, and somnolence, with symptoms of circulatory and respiratory depression in severe cases patients should stop taking all codeine-containing medicines, and alternative analgesics should be prescribed.
In severe cases, naloxone may be appropriate to reverse the effects These side-effects are very rare and most women will be able to use medicines that contain codeine to obtain adequate analgesia when needed after labour without any problems for them or their baby. Published 11 December Brexit Check what you need to do.
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